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<\/figure>\n\n\n\nInternational participants and speakers: Europe, Latin America and Asia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A central theme of the Summer School was the connection between vegetation, water, carbon, ecosystems and people. The first week combined lectures and practical exercises in ecology, hydrology, biogeochemistry, modelling and environmental management. Topics ranged from evapotranspiration and precipitation recycling to coupled carbon\u2013water modelling, nature-based solutions, lateral carbon transport, forest water balance, eddy covariance and the role of symbiotic fungi in forest ecosystems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The programme also highlighted the social dimensions of climate adaptation. Sessions focused on forest conservation, socio-ecological drivers of forest-use change, farmers\u2019 willingness to participate in conservation programmes and the design of payments for ecosystem services. By integrating ecological processes with governance and socio-economic perspectives, the course encouraged participants to consider climate adaptation as both an environmental and societal challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n During the second week, students moved from theory to practice. A full fieldwork day at Rauanjoki<\/strong> introduced stream sampling and hydrological measurements. Working in teams, participants collected water samples from several points, measured pH and electrical conductivity, and determined stream discharge using a flowmeter. The field exercise offered a practical way to connect catchment processes with water quality and carbon transport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fieldwork day at Rauanjoki<\/strong>: Collection of water samples for pH and EC measurements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fieldwork day at Rauanjoki<\/strong>: Collection of water samples for pH and EC measurements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The fieldwork was followed by a laboratory work <\/strong>at UEF, where participants worked in groups on water filtration and analyses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), carbon isotopes, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and spectral absorbance. These activities provided hands-on experience with techniques used to study carbon cycling and water-quality change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Laboratory work <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The Summer School concluded on 21 August with group presentations. Participants shared the results of their teamwork and reflected on the approaches they had learned during the two weeks. <\/strong>The final presentations also gave students an opportunity to practise communicating scientific results to an international audience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Group presentation<\/strong>s<\/p>\n\n\n\n Lectures and discussion following the group presentations.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Insights This year, we welcomed 42 students from different parts of the world! We explored hydrology, ecology, biogeochemistry, socio-economic perspectives, and environmental management. The course included lectures, demonstrations, and fieldwork focusing on how climate change affects forests, water, carbon cycling and human\u2013environment interactions across boreal and tropical ecosystems. International participants and speakers: Europe, Latin America […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":538,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-173","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blogs.uef.fi\/plantecologyuef\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/228\/2026\/09\/Christian-1024x768.jpg\")
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<\/figure>\n\n\n\nThe Summer School demonstrated the value of combining ecosystem science, practical monitoring, socio-economic perspectives and environmental governance. This interdisciplinary approach is essential for understanding how ecosystems respond to climate change and for developing adaptation solutions that are scientifically robust, locally relevant and transferable across regions.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"